大家好，我是Leo
今天要來講解，django object create的幾種方式
OK~~~ Let's go now!!!

RESTful 介紹

GET 取得

用戶端使用 GET 來存取位於伺服器上指定 URL 的資源。

POST 新增

用戶端使用 POST 向伺服器傳送資料。其包含請求中的資料呈現。

PUT 修改

用戶端使用 PUT 更新伺服器上的現有資源。

DELETE 刪除

用戶端使用 DELETE 請求來移除資源。

model

假設我們今天有一張table，如下圖

from django.db import models

class Student(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255,null=True,blank=True)
    math = models.IntegerField(null=True,blank=True)
    english = models.IntegerField(null=True,blank=True)
    chinese = models.IntegerField(null=True,blank=True)
    total = models.IntegerField(null=True,blank=True)
    average = models.IntegerField(null=True,blank=True)

model/init

from .student_model import *

views

from rest_framework.response import Response
from website.models import Student
from rest_framework import permissions, views
from website.serializers import StudentSerializer
import json

class StudentAPIView(views.APIView):
    permission_classes = (permissions.AllowAny,)
    authentication_classes = []

    def get(self,request):
        #params
        name = request.GET.get('name', None)
        student = Student.objects.all()
        if name:
            # 模糊比對名字 中文+英文 不論大小寫
            student = student.filter(name__icontains=name)
        list_serializer = StudentSerializer(student, many=True)
        return Response(list_serializer.data)

    def post(self, request):
        name = request.data.get('name')
        math = request.data.get('math')
        english = request.data.get('english')
        chinese = request.data.get('chinese')

        dic = dict()
        total = []
        if math and (math != json.dumps(None)):
            dic['math'] = int(math)
            total.append(int(math))
        if english and (english != json.dumps(None)):
            dic['english'] = int(english)
            total.append(int(english))
        if chinese and (chinese != json.dumps(None)):
            dic['chinese'] = int(chinese)
            total.append(int(chinese))
        if name and (name != json.dumps(None)):
            dic['name'] = name
        dic['total'] = sum(total)
        dic['average'] = sum(total) / len(total)

        obj,created = Student.objects.update_or_create(
            pk=request.data.get('id'),
            defaults=dic
        )
        msg = 'create' if created else 'update'
        return Response({"massage": True, "msg": msg}, status=201)

    def put(self, request, id):
        student = Student.objects.filter(id=id)

        math = request.data.get('math')
        english = request.data.get('english')
        chinese = request.data.get('chinese')
        if math and (math != json.dumps(None)):
            student.update(math=int(math))
        if english and (english != json.dumps(None)):
            student.update(english=int(english))
        if chinese and (chinese != json.dumps(None)):
            student.update(chinese=int(chinese))

        total_list = student.values_list('math','chinese','english')[0]
        # drop None
        total = sum(filter(None, total_list))
        avg = total / len(total_list)
        student.update(total=total,average=avg)
        return Response({"massage": True, "msg": "update"}, status=201)

    def delete(self, request, id):
        Student.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
        return Response({"massage": True, "msg": "delete"}, status=201)

views/init

from .student import *

urls

path('api/student',StudentAPIView.as_view(),name='api-student'),
path('api/student/<int:id>/',StudentAPIView.as_view(),name='api-student-delete_put'),

postman test

• first 先新增幾筆資料
• get測試不比對與模糊比對結果

http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/student

資料如下
[
    {
        "id": 1,
        "name": "a",
        "math": 90,
        "english": 86,
        "chinese": 65,
        "total": 241,
        "average": 80
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "name": "ab",
        "math": 99,
        "english": 50,
        "chinese": 80,
        "total": 229,
        "average": 76
    },
    {
        "id": 3,
        "name": "c",
        "math": 99,
        "english": 80,
        "chinese": 57,
        "total": 236,
        "average": 78
    },
    {
        "id": 4,
        "name": "d",
        "math": 66,
        "english": 88,
        "chinese": 77,
        "total": 231,
        "average": 77
    }
]

like name = 'a%'

http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/student?name=a

資料如下
[
    {
        "id": 1,
        "name": "a",
        "math": 90,
        "english": 86,
        "chinese": 65,
        "total": 241,
        "average": 80
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "name": "ab",
        "math": 99,
        "english": 50,
        "chinese": 80,
        "total": 229,
        "average": 76
    }
]

• put 修改資料 id = 1

math = 30
english = 30
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/student/1/

資料如下
{
    "id": 1,
    "name": "a",
    "math": 30,
    "english": 30,
    "chinese": 65,
    "total": 125,
    "average": 41
}

• delete資料 id = 4

http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/student/4/

資料如下
[
    {
        "id": 1,
        "name": "a",
        "math": 30,
        "english": 30,
        "chinese": 65,
        "total": 125,
        "average": 41
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "name": "ab",
        "math": 99,
        "english": 50,
        "chinese": 80,
        "total": 229,
        "average": 76
    },
    {
        "id": 3,
        "name": "c",
        "math": 99,
        "english": 80,
        "chinese": 57,
        "total": 236,
        "average": 78
    }
]

今天主要是講解method的使用方式，遵照restful風格，一個class內可以寫多個methods，明天我們來講解如何用django做排程
我們明天見，各位掰掰~~~